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    devanāgarī numerals

     
    hari o
    ~~~~~~

    namasté


    Devanāgarī numerals

    Here is the 'basic list' of numbers - please add examples ( and decode the number ) if you wish. I will add one or two at the bottom of the post as examples. I find it interestng that some of the shape almost match their English equivlants e.g. - 2,3. Yet a '5' resembles a 6 (५),etc.

    १ २ ३ ४ ५ ६ ७ ८ ९
    0 _1_ 2_ 3 _4 _5 _6_ 7__8 _9

    Their names:
    éka- 1
    dva- 2
    tri- 3
    catúr-4
    páñcan- 5
    ṣáṣ- 6
    saptán- 7
    aṣṭá - 8
    návan - 9
    dáśan - 10


    With zero , this is called bindu or mark like a dot , defined (also) as zero. Some call it śūnya (empty , void ).
    • If I wrote 123 ( one-hundred-twenty-three) it would simply be १२३.
    • I wish to say a 1/9th part : navāṃśa = navan or 9 + aṃśa partition or division. Aṃśa also means denominator, so we have 1/9th division
    • How about a big number : seven koṭi-s called saptakoṭayaḥ= 7 X 10,000,000 = 70 million
    Any examples you wish to offer?

    praṇām
    Last edited by yajvan; 06 April 2011 at 03:22 PM.
    यतस्त्वं शिवसमोऽसि
    yatastvaṁ śivasamo'si
    because you are identical with śiva

    _

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    Re: devanāgarī numerals

    hari o
    ~~~~~~

    namast
    Quote Originally Posted by yajvan View Post
     


    Devanāgarī numerals

    Their names:
    ka- 1
    dva- 2
    tri- 3
    catr-4
    pcan- 5
    ṣṣ- 6
    saptn- 7
    aṣṭ - 8
    nvan - 9
    dśan - 10

    Any examples you wish to offer?
    In a pacāṅga or a 5-limbed or 5-membered calendar , we call out tithi's. Tithi is the singular name given to one lunar day ( digit). This one spot, one place can be called ekadeśa ( eka = 1 + deśa = spot, point or place). Saying tithayaḥ, is the plural form ( more then one tithi).

    Here are a few based upon 10 : daśa = 10
    • daśamī is the 10th tithi of the month
    • ekādaśī is 10 + 1 or the 11th tithi
    • dvadaśī is 10 + 2 or the 12 tithi of the month.
    • trayodaśī is 10 + 3 or the 13th tithi of the month.
    • caturdaśī is 10 + 4 or the 14th tithi of the month.
    praṇām
    यतस्त्वं शिवसमोऽसि
    yatastvaṁ śivasamo'si
    because you are identical with śiva

    _

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    Re: devanāgarī numerals

    hari o
    ~~~~~~

    namasté

    Quote Originally Posted by yajvan View Post
     
    Devanāgarī numerals

    How about a big number : seven koṭi-s called saptakoṭayaḥ= 7 X 10,000,000 = 70 million
    sahasra = 1,000 . We see this used often.
    • sahasreṇa bāhunā - with a thousand arms
    • yuga-sahāsram - a thousand ages
    • dvi-sahāsram ( some write dvi-sahacram) , two thousand or 2,000
    • trīṇi sahasrāṇi or tri-sahasram , three thousand or 3,000
    • sahasraṃ gavyam or 1,000 cows - considered the ultimate gifting
    • one can also say ekādaśaṃ sahasraṃ or 1,000 + 11 or 1011.
    • catvāri sahasrāṇ varṣāṇam or 4,000 years
    We see this 1,000 with stotra-s

    • lalitā sahasranāma or 1,000 ( sahasra ) names (nāma ) of lalitā - She is lalitā tripurasundarī
    • śiva sahasranāma - 1000 names of śiva
    • viṣṇu sahasranāma - 1000 names of viṣṇu
    praṇām
    Last edited by yajvan; 25 March 2011 at 12:41 PM.
    यतस्त्वं शिवसमोऽसि
    yatastvaṁ śivasamo'si
    because you are identical with śiva

    _

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    Re: devanāgarī numerals

    hariḥ oṁ
    ~~~~~~

    namast

    We talk much about the 4th on HDF - suggesting Being, the transcendent. We can perhaps see where this word turīya comes from:

    • catr = 4 = ४
    • catrturṇā́m is called the genitive case of catr ; the genitive case ( called ṣaṣṭhī or the 6th case) answers ' of whom? or whose? '
    • turya = forming a 4th part ; the 4th
    • turyā is feminie gender and is defined as superior power
    • turīya - constituting the 4th part

    Gender as mentioned above...
    is masculine, feminine or neuter. Gender we can see is liṅga a mark , spot , sign , token , badge , emblem , characteristic. When looking up a word you will see mfn as an abbreviation next to the definition.

    These characteristics/marks are called puṃ-liṅga , strī -liṅga and napuṃsaka-liṅga:
    • puṃ-liṅga - puṃ = puṃs is a masculine word but also defined as a man , a male being , a human being ; it looses its 's' before a consonant in this case 'la' in liṅga.
    • strī -liṅga strī is defined as the the feminine gender yet also is defined as the 'bearer of children'; the word is also found as strīm and strīs - a woman , female , wife
    • napuṃsaka-liṅga - napuṃsaka is na +puṃ+saka : na = not or no + puṃ = male being + saka ='he that man , she that woman '
      Hence napuṃsaka means not male being or woman. It seems for economy this word could just be nasaka ( my contrived word) - not man or woman.
    praṇām
    यतस्त्वं शिवसमोऽसि
    yatastvaṁ śivasamo'si
    because you are identical with śiva

    _

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    Re: devanāgarī numerals

    I'm impressed at the similarities between our current numerals and the original sanskrit ones.

    Even the names of each number are still similar, specially in portuguese.

    Example:

    dva - dois
    tri - três
    catúr -quatro
    ṣáṣ - seis
    saptán - sete
    aṣṭá - oito
    návan - nove
    dáśan - dez
    Last edited by Adhvagat; 15 April 2011 at 03:41 PM.

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    Re: devanāgarī numerals

    Namaste all
    see the striking resemblance between hindu- arabic and Persian (Zorastrian)- urdu numerals, the later is a much older civilization than the 2 abrahamic faiths, somewhat younger than the hindu civilization..

    Persian variant: ۱: ۲: ۳: ۴: ۵: ۶: ۷: ۸: ۹

    Arabic 123456789 Indian numerals١٢٣٤٥٦٧٨٩

    Persians pronounce the numerals very close to Devanagari pronunciation:
    ek, do, se, char, panch, seesh, hapht, aasht, nou, das. But they call zero as sifr.
    Last edited by charitra; 15 April 2011 at 04:34 PM.

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    Re: devanāgarī numerals

    Quote Originally Posted by charitra View Post
    Namaste all
    see the striking resemblance between hindu- arabic and Persian (Zorastrian)- urdu numerals, the later is a much older civilization than the 2 abrahamic faiths, somewhat younger than the hindu civilization..

    Persian variant: ۱: ۲: ۳: ۴: ۵: ۶: ۷: ۸: ۹

    Arabic 123456789 Indian numerals١٢٣٤٥٦٧٨٩

    Persians pronounce the numerals very close to Devanagari pronunciation:
    ek, do, se, char, panch, seesh, hapht, aasht, nou, das. But they call zero as sifr.
    The proposed ancestor (of Persian, Hindi, Latin, Greek, Russian, et al) language's numbers were:

    oino, dwo, trei, kwetker, penkwe, sweks, sept, oktou, newn, dekm

    Russian:

    1 - один (adeen)
    2 - два (dva)
    3 - три (tri)
    4 - четыре (chyetirye)
    5 - пять (pyat)
    6 - шесть (shest)
    7 - семь (syem)
    8 - восемь (vosyem)
    9 - девять (dyeviat)
    10 - десять (dyesiat)

    It looks like Russian one, eight, and nine deviate from the pattern. I wonder how that happened. Maybe eight, vosyem is "one more than seven" and nine is "one less than 10".
    śivasya hridayam viṣṇur viṣṇoscha hridayam śivaḥ

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    Re: devanāgarī numerals

    Quote Originally Posted by Pietro Impagliazzo View Post
    I'm impressed at the similarities between our current numerals and the original sanskrit ones.

    Even the names of each number are still similar, specially in portuguese.

    Example:

    dva - dois
    tri - trs
    catr -quatro
    ṣṣ - seis
    saptn - sete
    aṣṭ - oito
    nvan - nove
    dśan - dez
    And Italian:

    uno
    due (doo-eh)
    tre
    quattro
    cinque (chin-kweh)
    sei
    sette
    otto
    nove
    dieci (dee-ehchee)
    śivasya hridayam viṣṇur viṣṇoscha hridayam śivaḥ

  9. #9

    Re: devanāgarī numerals

    Quote Originally Posted by yajvan View Post
    hari o
    ~~~~~~

    namast



    sahasra = 1,000 . We see this used often.
    • sahasreṇa bāhunā - with a thousand arms
    • yuga-sahāsram - a thousand ages
    • dvi-sahāsram ( some write dvi-sahacram) , two thousand or 2,000
    • trīṇi sahasrāṇi or tri-sahasram , three thousand or 3,000
    • sahasraṃ gavyam or 1,000 cows - considered the ultimate gifting
    • one can also say ekādaśaṃ sahasraṃ or 1,000 + 11 or 1011.
    • catvāri sahasrāṇ varṣāṇam or 4,000 years
    We see this 1,000 with stotra-s
    • lalitā sahasranāma or 1,000 ( sahasra ) names (nāma ) of lalitā - She is lalitā tripurasundarī
    • śiva sahasranāma - 1000 names of śiva
    • viṣṇu sahasranāma - 1000 names of viṣṇu
    praṇām
    namaste
    onething in mutiplication differs...
    hindi....1 then 1x10=10 then 10x10=100 then 100x10=1000 then 1000x10=10000 then 10000x10=100000 or 1 lac and so on...
    english/roman....1 then 1x1000=1000 then 1000x1000=1000000 or 1 million and so on...

  10. #10

    Re: devanāgarī numerals

    the real difference starts now...
    1x100lac = 1 crore
    1x100crore = 1 arab and in multiple of 100
    1x1000 million = 1 billion
    1x1000 billion = 1 trillion and in multiple of 1000

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