namaste Alice.
Prayer--prArthana, is of three kinds:
• As the very terms prayer and prArthana indicate, prayer is a request for fulfilment of a wish/desire. Such prayer is for iShTa-kAmyArtha.
• As our personal wishes are getting more and more fulfilled, we start thinking about others and pray for their welfare. This is prayer for loka-kShemArtha--welfare of the world.
• When our heart is thus expanding with love, we get an ardent desire to experience the universality of the Self in jIvas--souls. Then we pray for AtmArtha--for increased awareness of the Self.
Every Hindu has an iShTa-devata--preferred deity, which is supreme over other deities. However, wise Hindus know that all Godforms are of only Brahman, so he/she should do-stotra--adore, all deities. A Hindu might belong to an exclusive religious sect like Shaivism, VaiShNavism, ShAktism and so on, but most Hindus pray to all deities, cutting across sectoral barriers. The SmArtha sampradAya--tradition, established by Adi Shankara BhagavadpAda, is a convenient atmosphere that gives a Hindu the wisdom to pray to all Gods, chiefly six: Shiva, ViShNu, Shakti, GaNesha, SUrya and Shanmukha. My suggestion for new Western Hindus to follow this sampradAya, as the temples abroad house all deities.
• If we have the wisdom to pray for others, seeking fulfilment of personal wishes, that is, kAmyArtha prArthana, is neither undesirable nor degrading.
• When we do prArthana for loka-kShemam--welfare of the world, our prayers will more and more become storas--eulogies, on God. After all, saguNa-mUrtis--personal Godforms, are running the affairs of the world, so why not adore them?
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If you just browse these two wonderful books by Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami, you will have more than a good idea about the hieararchy of GaNesha, KArthikeya and Shiva:
Loving Ganesha, Hinduism's Endearing Elephant-Faced God
http://www.himalayanacademy.com/resources/books/lg/
Merging with Siva, Hinduism's Contemporary Metaphysics
http://www.himalayanacademy.com/resources/books/mws/
As to why GaNesha is worshipped first, check:
KAnchi ParamAchArya satsangham
http://www.hindudharmaforums.com/showthread.php?t=5821
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Some simple prayers to GaNesha and Shiva:
You can pray to GaNesha with these simple, general shlokas:
vakra-tuNDa mahA-kAya koTi-sUrya-sama-prabha |
nirvighnaM kuru me deva sarva-kAryeShu sarvadA ||
Hey bhagavAn--God, with a curved trunk--vakra-tuNDa, and a huge body--mahA-kAya,
who shines like--sama-prabha, a crore suns--koTi-sUrya!
Make all my acts and efforts--sarva-kAryeShu, always--sarvada,
be without hurdles or obstacles--nirvighnaM.
Audio link:
http://www.chalo.net/music/video/_ll..._Mahakaya.html
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gajAnanaM bhUtagaNAdi sevitaM
kapittha jaMbU phalasAra bhakShitaM |
umAsutaM shokavinAsha kAraNaM
namAmi vighneshvara pAda pangkajam ||
He has the face of an elephant--gajAnanaM.
He is worshipped--sevitaM, by all beings--bhUta, and is the head of God Shiva's army of gaNas.
He eats the essence--sAra, of wood-apple--kapittha, and rose-apple--jaMbU fruits.
He is the son--suta, of Goddess UmA.
He removes hurdles and sorrows--vighnas.
Let me offer my prostrations--namaskAram, at God Vigneshvara's lotus feet--pAda pangkajam.
Audio link:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Z47yQ0wi-4
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And here is a great kShama-prArthana--prayer seeking pardon for inadvertent commissions and omissions, to God Shiva:
kara-charaNa kRutaM vAk-kAyajaM karmajaM vA |
shravaNa-nayanajaM vA mAnasaM vA-parAdhaM |
vihitam-avihitaM vA sarvaM-etat-kShamasva |
jaya jaya karuNAbdhe shrI-mahAdeva shambho ||
O God MahAdeva, who is always victorious--jaya-jaya, happy,
and is an ocean of mercy--karuNAbdhe!
Forgive all my faults and wrong deeds--aparAdhaM, done through my hands--kara,
feet--charaNa, speech--vAk, body--kAya, action--karma, ears--shravaNa,
eyes--nayana, and mind--mAnasa.
Audio link:
http://www.hummaa.com/music/song/Kar...kam%5D/127856#
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